← Guides

Mental Health

Bipolar disorder

When mood swings between two extremes, further and longer than an ordinary up-and-down.

5 min read

Everyone has better and worse days. Bipolar disorder is different in scale — mood shifting between two real extremes, each lasting days or weeks rather than hours: a high that can feel euphoric, fast, invincible, and a low that can feel like depression at its heaviest. In between, there can be long stretches of stability, sometimes months or years.

Recognising a pattern like this in yourself, or naming it after years of confusion, isn't a verdict on your character or your faith. It's a starting point for the right kind of support, which genuinely helps.

What it can look like

Physical

Disrupted sleep — needing far less during a high, or sleeping far too much during a low

Noticeable changes in appetite or energy

Mental & emotional

During a high: feeling extremely happy, energetic, or irritable; racing thoughts; talking unusually fast

During a low: persistent sadness, hopelessness, or loss of interest in almost everything

Low confidence and self-worth during depressive periods

In severe episodes, thoughts of suicide

Changes in behaviour

Impulsive decisions during a high — spending, risk-taking, uncharacteristic choices

Increased sex drive or social boldness during a manic period

Withdrawing and struggling to function during a depressive period

Why it happens

The exact cause isn't fully understood, but it tends to run in families, and can be triggered or worsened by major life stress, childhood trauma, or recreational drug use. It isn't caused by anything you did, and it isn't a character flaw at either extreme — the high is not really "the real you unleashed", and the low is not laziness. Both are the same underlying condition.

From the Quran

وَلَنَبْلُوَنَّكُم بِشَيْءٍ مِّنَ الْخَوْفِ وَالْجُوعِ وَنَقْصٍ مِّنَ الْأَمْوَالِ وَالْأَنفُسِ وَالثَّمَرَاتِ ۗ وَبَشِّرِ الصَّابِرِينَ

And We will surely test you with something of fear and hunger and a loss of wealth, lives, and fruits, but give good tidings to the patient.

2:155

Things you can try

Do

Keep a simple daily mood log — patterns are often clearer on paper than they feel in the moment

Protect a regular sleep and daily routine — it's one of the biggest levers for stability

Take medication as prescribed, even during a stable stretch — stopping early is one of the most common triggers for a relapse

Tell a couple of people close to you what your early warning signs look like, so they can gently flag it before it escalates

Build in regular, moderate exercise and steady meals

Don't

Don't make big, irreversible decisions during a high — wait for it to settle before deciding anything major

Don't stop medication because you're feeling better — that's usually the illness being managed well, not the illness being gone

Don't use recreational drugs or heavy drinking to manage either extreme — both make the swings worse

What does this bring up for you today?

If you need more support

Speak to a GP if you recognise this pattern in yourself, or if current treatment isn't working — bipolar disorder is managed, not cured, and the right combination of medication and support makes a real difference. If you're having thoughts of suicide, this needs urgent same-day help: call 111, go to A&E, or call 999 in an emergency.

The Prophet ﷺ said: “Make use of medical treatment, for Allah has not made a disease without appointing a remedy for it.” (Abu Dawud)

NHS — Bipolar disorder

More guides